In our modern society, where convenience often trumps nutrition, fibre consumption has gradually declined, posing significant health challenges. With the rise of processed and fast foods, many of which are low in fibre and high in refined carbohydrates, sugars, and fats, people are consuming less fibre than ever before. Additionally, the shift towards a more sedentary lifestyle further exacerbates this issue, as physical inactivity can contribute to sluggish digestion and reduced bowel movements. As a result, inadequate fibre intake has become a widespread problem, leading to issues like constipation, poor gut health, and increased risk of chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular conditions and also contributing to high cholesterol. It's essential to recognise the importance of fibre in our diets and take proactive steps to incorporate fibre-rich foods into our daily meals for better overall health and well-being.
In this article, I will cover, what is dietary fibre, why is it so important for you and what are the best sources for it.
What is fibre?
It's a carbohydrate that we as humans can't digest as we lack the enzymes to break it down within the body. This is the reason, why it fills you up and also helps to control your hunger.
It's recommended that men consume minimum of 35 grams of fibre, women 25 grams of fibre and children 'their age + 7' grams of fibre a day. If you are someone who has been diagnosed with a bowel disease like IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome), then it's best to talk to your health care provider to learn about the safe amount for you. Also if you are someone who has not really consumed adequate amount of fibre, it's best to start increasing fibre slowly. As you increase the fibre intake, make sure you consume adequate amount of water during the day between your meals.
On a high level, fibre comes in two different forms: soluble and insoluble fibre. Soluble fibre forms a gel when mixed with liquid, insoluble fibre passes through our intestines almost intact.
Best fibres to consume
Different fibres work different for different people. If you are someone who has not put focus on this area before, you might want to test out different fibres to find out which ones works the best for you. For some people fibres can cause constipation- it's important to choose then more gentle fibres. Also, it's important to start slowly adding more fibre to your diet, if you have not been very good at consuming it in the past, as you want to avoid excessive gas and bloating. Pectin fibres from fruit, chia seeds, flax seeds are good options as they are easier on your body. On top of consuming fibre, it's necessary to note that you also need to consume adequate amount of water on a daily basis to stay hydrated and have the fibre working better for you.
In the tables below, I have listed the fibre content in foods (according to the Food Composition Database created and managed by the Health Development Institute in Estonia), so that you can analyse your current menu - how much of fibre do you get from the foods you eat and what could you add to the menu to increase fibre in your diet. It is important to understand that, for example, dried fruits/berries have considerably more fibre than fresh fruits, while they also have a higher content of natural sugars, which means that they should be consumed occasionally and a few pieces at a time to avoid consuming too much fruit sugar (fructose), which can burden the liver. Also, in the case of certain foods, such as flax seeds, chia seeds, psyllium husks, it is recommended to add these 1 teaspoon to 1 tablespoon at a time to your meals. Dried herbs also have more fibre than fresh ones - at the same time, they should not be used more than 1/2-1 teaspoon depending on the seasoning.
Foods, which fibre content is 7.5 g - 88.5 g per 100g quantity.
Food | Fibre content | Food | Fibre content | Food | Fibre content |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Psyllium husks | 88.5 g | Linseed | 26.4 g | Goji berries | 10 g |
Cinnamon | 53.1 g | Cacao | 24 g | Sunflower seeds | 9.9 g |
Fenugreek | 47.5 | Cardamom | 23.1 g | Dried figs | 9.8 g |
Rosemary, dried | 42.6 g | Curcumin | 22.7 g | Pumpkin seeds | 9.4 g |
Oregano, dried | 42.5 g | Coffee | 19.8 g | Dried mango | 9.35 g |
Acai berry powder | 40 g | Oat bran | 18 g | Hazelnuts | 9.3 g |
Rye bran | 39 g | Kama flour | 15.5 g | Barley pearls | 9.1 g |
Cumin | 38 g | Pecans | 13.3 g | Dried white mulberries | 8.92 g |
Basil, dried | 37.7 g | Thyme, fresh | 12.3 g | Quince | 8.9 g |
Thyme, dried | 37 g | Sesame seeds | 11.3 g | Pistachio nuts | 8.8 g |
Clove | 34.5 g | Oats | 11.3 g | Oregano, fresh | 8.4 g |
Chia seeds | 34.4 g | Tomato, sundried | 11 g | Rose hip | 8.3 g |
Chicory root coffee | 29.2 g | Granadilla | 10.4 g | Dates | 8 g |
Chili pepper, ground | 26.9 g | Almonds | 10.4 g | Peppermint | 8 g |
Black pepper | 26.5 g | Whole grain rye bread | 10-13 g | Dried apricots | 7.7 g |
Foods, which fibre content is 3.8 g - 7.5 g per 100g quantity.
Food | Fibre content | Food | Fibre content | Food | Fibre content |
Brazil nuts | 7.5 g | Raisins | 6.1 g | Okra | 5 g |
Coconut | 7.3 g | Green peas | 5.9 g | Dried papaya | 5 g |
Black root | 7.3 g | Wholewheat pasta | 5.9 g | White beans | 4.8 g |
Prunes | 7.1 g | Black currants | 5.8 g | Butternut | 4.7 g |
Walnuts | 7 g | Garlic | 5.8 g | Butter beans | 4.6 g |
Elderberries | 7 g | Wakame seaweed | 5.8 g | Black rice | 4.3 g |
Black beans | 6.9 g | Dried cranberries | 5.7 g | Hemp seeds | 4.2 g |
Pinto beans | 6.7 g | Parsnip | 5.7 g | Ground cherries | 4.2 g |
Kale | 6.7 g | Artichoke | 5.4 g | Red rice | 4.1 g |
Amaranth | 6.7 g | Blackberries | 5.3 g | Brussel sprouts | 4.1 g |
White currants | 6.7 g | Prickly pear | 5.3 g | Parsley | 4.1 g |
Soybeans | 6.55 g | Chokeberries | 5.2 g | Nettle | 4.1 g |
Pinenuts | 6.3 g | Edamame beans | 5.1 g | Cashews | 3.86 g |
Cloudberries | 6.3 g | Tamarind | 5.1 g | Chanterelle | 3.8 g |
Chickpeas | 6.2 g | Red currants | 5 g | Rhubarb | 3.8 g |
Foods, which fibre content is 2.2 g - 3.7 g per 100g quantity.
Food | Fibre content | Food | Fibre content | Food | Fibre content |
Raspberries | 3.7 g | Millet | 3.2 g | Broccoli | 2.6 g |
Couscous | 3.7 g | Brown rice | 3.2 g | Jerusalem artichoke | 2.6 g |
Guava | 3.7 g | Gooseberries | 3.2 g | Lingonberries | 2.6 g |
Lentils | 3.6 g | Cilantro | 3.2 g | Savoy cabbage | 2.6 g |
Seabuckthorn | 3.6 g | Sweet potato | 3.1 g | Apple | 2.57 g |
Cranberries | 3.5 g | Bell pepper, yellow | 3 g | Bulgur | 2.53 g |
Asparagus | 3.5 g | Carrot | 2.9 g | White cabbage | 2.5 g |
Dandelion greens | 3.5 g | Swede | 2.9 g | Till | 2.5 g |
Pomegranate | 3.4 g | Corn | 2.9 g | Beetroot | 2.5 g |
Persimmon | 3.4 g | Figs | 2.9 g | Red cabbage | 2.5 g |
Blueberries | 3.3 g | Rosemary, fresh | 2.9 g | Quinoa, boiled | 2.42 g |
Boletus | 3.3 g | Wild strawberries | 2.9 g | Eggplant | 2.4 g |
Shitake mushrooms | 3.3 g | Leek | 2.71 g | Kiwi | 2.4 g |
Fennel | 3.3 g | Pear | 2.7 g | Cauliflower | 2.2 g |
Green beans | 3.26 g | Ramsons | 2.69 g | Endives | 2.2 g |
Foods, which fibre content is 0.1 g - 2.2 g per 100g quantity.
Food | Fibre content | Food | Fibre content | Food | Fibre content |
Mulberries | 2.2 g | Damson plum | 1.8 g | Peach | 1.4 g |
Sugar snap peas | 2.2 g | Orange | 1.7 g | Nectarine | 1.4 g |
Ginger | 2.14 g | Mango | 1.7 g | Tomato | 1.4 g |
Green onion | 2.1 g | Plum | 1.7 g | Grapefruit | 1.3 g |
Chives | 2.1 g | Apricots | 1.7 g | Clementines | 1.25 g |
Bell pepper, green | 2 g | Alfalfa sprouts | 1.7 g | Pineapple | 1.2 g |
Lemon, lime | 2 g | Grapes | 1.6 g | Chinese cabbage | 1.1 g |
Bell pepper, red | 1.9 g | Beet greens | 1.6 g | Iceberg lettuce | 1.1 g |
Strawberries | 1.9 g | Radish | 1.6 g | Potato | 1.03 g |
Papaya | 1.9 g | Rucola (arugula) | 1.6 g | Pomelo | 1 g |
Turnip | 1.9 g | Basil, fresh | 1.6 g | Melon | 0.7 g |
Onion | 1.88 g | Cherries, sweet cherries | 1.6 g | Courgette | 0.7 g |
Buckwheat | 1.85 g | Spinach | 1.53 g | Cucumber | 0.7 g |
Lamb salad | 1.8 g | Portobello | 1.5 g | Litchi | 0.7 g |
Kohlrabi | 1.8 g | Champignon | 1.5 g | Watermelon | 0.1 g |
Why is fibre important for you?
Detoxification
Fibre is important for detoxification, because it binds to the bile acids that carry toxins out of your body and help to eliminate via the stool. If you are not getting enough fibre from your food, it can lead to mild constipation and also toxins reabsorption in the body.
Lower total and LDL cholesterol
It's important to consume both soluble and insoluble fibres as soluble fibre prolongs stomach emptying time for sugar to be released and absorbed slowly. Soluble fibre also lowers total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and promotes friendly gut bacteria. Therefore it's great for heart health. Insoluble fibre helps with regular bowel movement, moves toxic waste through colon quicker and balances the acidity (pH) level in your colon.
Weight management
Fibre is great for weight loss as well as women who eat a high-fibre diet may be at a lower risk for developing ovarian cancer.
Food for your gut microbes
Fibre is food for your gut microbiota- if you starve them from fibre, they start to eat away the mucus lining in your gut or your gut cells produce less mucus. If your daily diet is high in fibre from vegetables, fruits, seeds, legumes, you are feeding your gut with prebiotics and probiotics and therefore help to keep your microbiome balanced.
For digestion and motility
Fibre is an important nutrient to consume on a daily basis to help move food through your intestines, to improve digestive health and protect against diseases.
For blood sugar control
Fibre helps to slow down absorption of sugar from carbohydrates, which is important for stabilising blood sugar.
I came across this web page with great recipes for 5 days of eating a fibre-fuelled diet, which are from gastroenterologist Dr. Will Bulsiewicz's book "Fiber Fueled". Hopefully you get some ideas or recipes to try out at home.
You can also search on my website for salads and you will get quite a few recipes to try and make at home- I am sure you will fall in love with at least some of these salads.
Incorporating a variety of fibre-rich foods into your diet ensures a diverse intake of nutrients and promotes optimal digestive function. Whether it's soluble fibre from oats and legumes or insoluble fibre from whole grains and vegetables, each type of fibre contributes to overall health in its unique way. By embracing a fibre-rich diet, you can nurture your gut health, support weight management, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases for a vibrant and balanced life.
If you are looking for nutritional advice, don't hesitate to reach out to me for nutrition counseling at info@katrinpeo.com.
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